What Is a TX4 Taxi? The Vehicle Explained

The TX4 is the iconic London Hackney Carriage produced by London Taxi International (LTI) between 2007 and 2017. This generation defined the streets of London for a decade. It features a diesel engine, often a 2.4L VM Motori unit, and supports five passengers including the driver. Designed specifically to meet strict TfL regulations, the vehicle offers full wheelchair access and an incredibly tight 25-foot turning circle for narrow city streets.

Engineering for London Streets

The TX4 was built for utility. While many cars focus on comfort, this vehicle prioritises the specific geometry of London’s labyrinthine roads. We see these taxis constantly navigating the tight corners of Soho or the busy junctions near Canary Wharf. The 25-foot turning circle allows drivers to perform U-turns that standard saloons simply cannot manage. It is a specialised tool for urban transport.

Mechanics know these engines well. Early models utilised a 1.4L Ford diesel engine, but later iterations transitioned to the more powerful 2.4L VM Motori diesel unit to handle heavy passenger loads. These engines had to endure constant stop-start cycles throughout a typical twelve-hour shift in London traffic. Reliability was essential for drivers earning their living.

Maintenance is often intensive. Because these vehicles cover hundreds of thousands of kilometres annually, the wear on suspension and braking systems is significant. We frequently observe older TX4s showing signs of heavy use around the chassis and wheel arches. They are workhorses.

The interior layout follows strict rules. Every TX4 must accommodate a wheelchair user via a manual or electric ramp. This requirement dictates the high roofline and the wide rear door aperture seen on every model. It is a functional design.

The Shift to Electric Power

The era of the diesel TX4 is ending. In 2017, the LEVC TX5 arrived to take its place on the road. This newer model uses a range-extended electric powertrain rather than a pure diesel engine. It represents a massive shift in how London moves.

Regulations drive this change. Transport for London (TfL) enforces a strict 15-year age cap on all licensed Hackney Carriages to ensure air quality remains acceptable. This rule means that almost every TX4 currently operating will be retired by 2026. Drivers must invest in newer, cleaner technology to stay compliant with ULEZ standards.

Transitioning is expensive for drivers. A new LEVC model costs significantly more than a second-hand diesel TX4. Many drivers struggle with the high capital outlay required to replace their ageing vehicles. They face a difficult choice between debt and compliance.

The TX4 remains a symbol of London. Even as the electric models become common, the silhouette of the LTI generation is recognisable globally. It marks a specific chapter in British automotive history.

Frequently asked questions

What is the passenger capacity of a TX4?

A standard TX4 accommodates five people in total. This includes the driver and four passengers in the rear compartment. The vehicle is designed to ensure that even with a wheelchair user on board, there is sufficient space for others to sit safely.

Why are TX4 taxis being removed from London?

TfL mandates that all Hackney Carriages must be replaced after 15 years of service. This policy helps manage emissions and ensures the fleet stays modern. Most TX4 models will reach this age limit by the end of 2026.

What engine did the TX4 use?

Most TX4 models used diesel engines to provide the torque needed for heavy city driving. While early versions used a 1.4L Ford engine, the standard became the 2.4L VM Motori diesel. These units were chosen for their ability to handle constant idling.

Can a TX4 turn in tight spaces?

Yes, the vehicle is famous for its agility. It features a 25-foot turning circle which allows drivers to navigate narrow lanes and sharp corners easily. This specific geometry is a requirement for the London taxi license.

Is the TX4 wheelchair accessible?

Accessibility is a core requirement for all London taxis. Every TX4 includes a dedicated ramp and enough internal floor space to accommodate a wheelchair user. This ensures that the vehicle meets all legal requirements for public transport.

What replaced the LTI TX4?

The LEVC TX5 is the primary successor. It moved away from pure diesel power in favour of a range-extended electric system. This change was necessary to meet the tightening environmental standards set by the Mayor of London.